drug

تعريف drug في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.: Simple past tense and past participle of drag
You look like someone drug you behind a horse for half a mile.; A chemical or substance, not necessarily for medical purposes, which alters the way the mind or body works; A substance, often addictive, which affects the central nervous system; A substance, especially one which is illegal, ingested for recreational use
We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold.; To administer intoxicating drugs to, generally without the recipient's knowledge or consent
She suddenly felt strange, and only then realized she'd been drugged.; A substance used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom, or modify a chemical process in the body for a specific purpose
The revenues from both brand-name drugs and generic drugs have increased.; To add intoxicating drugs to with the intention of drugging someone
She suddenly felt strange. She realized her drink must have been drugged.; {v} to season wih drugs, make offensive; {n} a medical simple, a thing of little worth; Also Fig; means a controlled substance or a controlled substance analogue listed in schedule 1 or schedule 2 of part 72 of the Michigan public health code, Act No 368 of the Public Acts of 1978, being sections 333 7201, et seq , of the Michigan Compiled Laws, as may be amended from time to time; The FDA indicates that drugs are articles (other than food) intended for the use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention in man or other animals Drugs can also affect the structure or function of the body are included in this definition; > duping; a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic administer a drug to; "They drugged the kidnapped tourist"; Any molecule that affects a biological process More strictly, a molecule whose pharmacological activity can be correlated with its chemical structure Historically, drugs were identified and extracted from naturally occurring fungi, plants, and other flora and fauna, with little direction given to the targeting of a particular disease Increasingly, however, modern drugs are being discovered through the precise targeting of a particular disease state dissected at the molecular level, and the drugs may be genes, the protein products of genes (such as recombinant insulin or erythropoetin), or small molecules created by design or diversity to modulate a specific disease process Irrespective of the process of novel drug discovery, all drugs must undergo a lengthy process of preclinical and clinical review Source : Celera; A chemical taken into the body which causes changes in the body; *: Any synthetic or natural chemical substance used in the treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of disease, or for other medical reasons; – Any chemical compound that may be used on or administered to humans as an aid in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, or prevention of disease or other abnormal conditions; Substance used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom or modify a chemical process in the body for a specific purpose; {i} natural or artificial substance used as a medication; narcotic, opiate, hallucinogen; A substance or combination of substances used or intended to be used to diagnose, treat, mitigate or prevent a disease, disorder or abnormal physical or mental state, or a symptom of them, or to restore, correct or modify organic functions, in man or animal, and includes a substance or combination of substances named or included by reference in the Pharmacists, Pharmacy Operations and Drug Scheduling Act (PPODS)CPBC, Schedule A or Schedule B; A biologically active compound or mixture used to cure, prevent, or detect disease, to control biological processes, or to alter mental state; a substance used as or in medicine; Any chemical compound that is used in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, or cure of disease, for the relief of pain, or to control or improve any physiological or pathological disorder in humans or animals; As defined in Section 201(g)(1) of the Act means (a) articles that are recognized in the official United States Pharmacopeia, official Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of the United States, or official National Formulary, or any supplement to them; (b) articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans or other animals; and articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of humans or other animals; a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic administer a drug to; "They drugged the kidnapped tourist" use recreational drugs; {f} administer a medication, sedate; poison; mix food with a drug; A drudge (?); to stupefy by a narcotic drug; any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; If you drug a person or animal, you give them a chemical substance in order to make them sleepy or unconscious. She was drugged and robbed; a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic; To tincture with something offensive or injurious; Under the ADA , a drug means a controlled substance as defined in schedules I through V of the Controlled Substances Act (21 USC 812); (Y/N) if an experimental or investigational drug is to be used in the study, or if a marketed drug is to be used for an unapproved use or indication; Any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease or other conditions in persons Any substance other than a device or food intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of persons; To drudge; to toil laboriously; To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs; To administer intoxicating drugs to, generally without the recipients knowledge or consent; A substance that is taken to suppress an unwanted condition or feeling; in large doses, it can be a poison A small amount gives a stimulant [increases activity] reaction, a greater amount can sedate [make drowsy] Too large an amount can kill For example, caffeine, found in coffee, is a drug One or two cups of coffee can "wake you up " Ten cups would probably put you to sleep 100 might kill you A drug is also something that can alter your emotions, your mindmake you feel "high "; Any article intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man; a substance that can modify one or more of the body's functions; Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances Synonymous with medicine, pharmaceutical [IUPAC Compendium]; A chemical or substance, not necessarily for medical purposes, that alters the way the mind or body works; Drugs are substances that some people take because of their pleasant effects, but which are usually illegal. His mother was on drugs, on cocaine She was sure Leo was taking drugs the problem of drug abuse; US, past of drag; Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations; To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines; A drug is a chemical which is given to people in order to treat or prevent an illness or disease. The drug will be useful to hundreds of thousands of infected people. the drug companies; a substance that, when administered to an organism or a system derived from an organism, may modify one or more of its functions; administer a drug to; "They drugged the kidnapped tourist"; Any chemical compound that may be used on humans to help in diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, or prevention of disease or other abnormal conditions; If food or drink is drugged, a chemical substance is added to it in order to make someone sleepy or unconscious when they eat or drink it. I wonder now if that drink had been drugged Anyone could have drugged that wine. Any chemical agent that affects the function of living things. Some, including antibiotics, stimulants, tranquilizers, antidepressants, analgesics, narcotics, and hormones, have generalized effects. Others, including laxatives, heart stimulants, anticoagulants, diuretics, and antihistamines, act on specific systems. Vaccines are sometimes considered drugs. Drugs may protect against attacking organisms (by killing them, stopping them from reproducing, or blocking their effects on the host), substitute for a missing or defective substance in the body, or interrupt an abnormal process. A drug must bind with receptors in or on cells and cannot work if the receptors are absent or its configuration does not fit theirs. Drugs may be given by mouth, by injection, by inhalation, rectally, or through the skin. The oldest existing catalogue of drugs is a stone tablet from ancient Babylonia ( 1700 BC); the modern drug era began when antibiotics were discovered in 1928. Synthetic versions of natural drugs led to design of drugs based on chemical structure. Drugs must be not only effective but safe; side effects can range from minor to dangerous (see drug poisoning). Many illegal drugs also have medical uses (see cocaine; heroin; drug addiction). See also drug resistance; pharmacology; pharmacy. designer drug drug addiction drug poisoning drug resistance Food and Drug Administration sulfa drug nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs; Phrases such as drug use, drug policy, and alcohol, tobacco and other drugs (ATOD) as used in this guide, are meant to include tobacco, and other items such as marijuana and cocaine; To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp; use recreational drugs; A drug, especially illegal, taken for recreational use; Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand
drug abuse: Misuse of, or overindulgence in, drugs; substance abuse
drug addict: A person with a chemical or psychological dependency on a drug, especially one which is illegal or improperly procured
drug addicts: plural form of drug addict
drug barons: plural form of drug baron
drug dealers: plural form of drug dealer
drug in the market: drug on the market
drug of choice: The best-choice medication to treat a particular medical problem
drug of choice: The particular (usually illicit) substance that a suspect is addicted to
drug on the market: something which is overabundant at the moment and thus not in demand
drug pusher: A person who encourages people to take up illegal drugs, and then supplies that need for a price
drug stores: plural form of drug store
drug test: Any chemical check for the presence of (usually illegal) drugs in a sample of one's blood, hair or urine
drug tests: plural form of drug test
drug abuse: excessive use of drugs, use of drugs in a self-destructive manner; use of any legal or illicit chemical substance that causes physical or mental or behavioral impairment in a person
drug abuse: The habitual taking of illegal drugs
drug fever: Elevation of body temperature above the normal (37°C) because of medication
drug master file: Drug Master File or DMF is a document prepared by a manufacturer in the pharmaceutical industry and submitted solely at his discretion to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). There is no requirement by law or FDA regulation to present a DMF. The document may be used to provide confidential detailed information about facilities, processes, or articles used in the manufacturing, processing, packaging, and storing of one or more human drugs
drug mule: Someone who transports drugs illegally
drug resistance: (Tıp, İlaç) Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug in curing a disease or improving a patient's symptoms. When the drug is not intended to kill or inhibit a pathogen, then the term is equivalent to dosage failure or drug tolerance. More commonly, the term is used in the context of diseases caused by pathogens
drug-naive: Drug-naïve is the term used to describe patients or animals who are not under the influence of any psychotropic substances (drugs). This term usually refers to patients or animals undergoing drug-related testing, such as the effect of a certain drug on behaviour or cognitive ability
Drug Enforcement Administration: DEA a US government organization which makes sure that people and companies obey the laws about dangerous drugs. They try to catch people who bring dangerous drugs into the US and people who sell drugs within the US
Drug Enforcement Agency: United States government agency that fights against the import sale and trafficking of illegal drugs, DEA
drug abuse: The use of a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is normally prescribed or recommended
drug abuse: excessive use of drugs
drug abuse: The excessive use of drugs
drug abuse: Using illegal drugs; using legal drugs inappropriately The repeated, high-dose, self-administration of drugs to produce pleasure, to alleviate stress, or to alter or avoid reality (or all three)
drug abuse: Continued use of a drug despite serious consequences in the absence of signs of dependency (i e , no symptoms of tolerance, withdrawal, or compulsive craving) See also drug dependence
drug abuse: Compulsive use of drugs that is not of a temporary nature Applies to infants addicted at birth
drug abuse: The nonmedical use of a substance for any of the following reasons: psychic effect, dependence, or suicide attempt/gesture In DAWN, nonmedical use means
drug addict: one who is addicted to drugs, one who is dependent or hooked on drugs, "junkie
drug addict: A drug addict is someone who is addicted to illegal drugs. someone who cannot stop taking illegal drugs ad.diction
drug addict: a narcotics addict
drug addiction: addiction to drugs, compulsive drug use, habitual drug use
drug addiction: or chemical dependency Physical and/or psychological dependency on a psychoactive (mind-altering) substance (e.g., alcohol, narcotics, nicotine), defined as continued use despite knowing that the substance causes harm. Physical dependency results when the body builds up a tolerance to a drug, needing increasing doses to achieve the desired effects and to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Psychological dependency may have more to do with one's psychological makeup; some people may have a genetic tendency to addiction. The most common addictions are to alcohol (see alcoholism), barbiturates, tranquilizers, and amphetamines, as well as to the stimulants nicotine and caffeine. Initial treatment (detoxification) should be conducted with medical supervision. Individual and group psychotherapy are critical elements. Alcoholics Anonymous and similar support groups can increase the success rate of other efforts. The ability to admit addiction and the will to change are necessary first steps
drug addiction: an addiction to a drug (especially a narcotic drug)
drug baron: someone who leads an organization that buys and sells large quantities of illegal drugs
drug baron: a person who controls an organization dealing in illegal drugs
drug bust: seizure of illegal drugs by the police
drug cartel: organization that deals in the illegal traffic of drugs
drug cartel: an illicit cartel formed to control the production and distribution of narcotic drugs; "drug cartels sometimes finance terrorist organizations
drug clinic: drug treatment center, institution which helps drug addicts to break their addiction
drug cocktail: a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV
drug company: a company that makes and sells pharmaceuticals
drug czar: an official employed by a government to try to stop the trade of illegal drugs
drug dealer: someone who sells illegal drugs = dealer
drug dealer: one who buys and sells illegal drugs
drug enforcement administration: federal agency responsible for enforcing laws and regulations governing narcotics and controlled substances; goal is to immobilize drug trafficking organizations
drug fiend: addict, person one who is addicted to drugs (Slang)
drug habit: drug addiction, drug dependency, regular use of mind altering substances
drug holiday: A usually brief period during which a drug that is typically taken on a daily basis, such as an antidepressant, is not taken or is replaced with another in order to minimize certain side effects
drug involvement: being connected in some way (selling, using, etc.) to illegal drugs
drug joint: place where drugs are sold and used
drug lord: The leader of a cartel or gang that illegally traffics in drugs
drug mixing: combining of different drugs
drug of abuse: a drug that is taken for nonmedicinal reasons (usually for mind-altering effects); drug abuse can lead to physical and mental damage and (with some substances) dependence and addiction
drug overdose: overly large dose of drugs
drug poisoning: or medicinal poisoning Harmful effects of drugs, from overdose or sensitivity to regular doses. Many medicines are dangerous; the margin between dose and overdose is often narrow. A normally safe dose may be toxic in some people, over time, or in combination with certain foods, alcohol, or other drugs. Safeguards to prevent drug poisoning include testing in animals, then human volunteers, and then patients. Drugs unsafe for self-medication are available only to doctors or by prescription. Pharmacists advise the public on proper use
drug rehabilitation: act of breaking away from an addiction to drugs
drug rehabilitation: the process of helping someone to live without illegal drugs after they have been addicted to them
drug rehabilitation center: drug treatment center, institution which helps drug addicts to break their addiction
drug resistance: The ability of cancer cells to resist the effects of a specific drug
drug resistance: Property of a disease-causing organism that allows it to withstand drug therapy. In any population of infectious agents, some have a mutation that helps them resist the action of a drug. The drug then kills more of the nonresistant microbes, leaving the mutants without competition to multiply into a resistant strain. This situation is more likely if the drug is not taken properly (e.g., a course of antibiotics not completed, anti-HIV drug doses missed) or not prescribed properly (e.g., an antibiotic given for a viral disease). Resistance factors can also be transferred between species that infect the same body. The overprescription of antibiotics in humans and the addition of antibiotics to animal feed have accelerated the evolution of resistant strains of bacteria, making it increasingly difficult to fight off certain disease-causing organisms
drug resistance: failure of cancer cells to respond to chemotherapy
drug resistance: failure of (cancer) cells to respond to chemotherapy
drug resistance: Drug resistance is the result of microbes changing in ways that reduce or eliminate the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals, or other agents to cure or prevent infections
drug resistance: refers to the ability of cancer cells to become resistant to the effects of the chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer
drug resistance: The result of cells' ability to resist the effects of a specific drug
drug runner: someone who brings illegal drugs from one country to another
drug squad: police unit working to stop the sale and use of illegal drugs (cocaine, heroin, marijuana, etc.)
drug test: official tests to determine effectiveness and safety of new medications; test performed to see if someone has been using illegal drugs (usually test of blood urine)
drug traffic: traffic in illegal drugs
drug trafficker: {i} one who deals or trades illegal drugs, pusher
drug trafficking: selling of drugs, selling of illegal narcotics
drug transaction: drug deal, sale or purchase of illegal drugs
drug user: a person who takes drugs
drug war: conflict between law enforcement and those who deal in illegal drugs
drug-free: of a person not taking illegal drugs or of a place where no illegal drugs are used
blockbuster drug: A pharmaceutical product that generates more than a billion dollars of revenue for its owner each year
club drug: A psychedelic drug characterized by its primary users and the settings in which it is used, in this case young adults at dance clubs and raves
date rape drug: Any drug that can be used to assist in the commission of a sexual assault (date rape). Typically drugs having sedative, hypnotic, dissociative, and/or amnesiac effects
designer drug: A drug specifically developed to replace an illegal recreational drug (so as to circumvent existing drug laws), usually by modifying its molecular structure
dissociative drug: Any of a class of psychedelic drugs characterized by intense feelings of depersonalization, derealization, and analgesia
druggie: A drug addict or abuser
druggy: Acting as if on drugs; torpid, uncoordinated, etc
fertility drug: Any drug that boosts fertility
gateway drug: An addictive substance that is seen as relatively harmless by itself, but is believed to encourage the user to experiment with more harmful substances
love drug: The drug Viagra
love drug: The drug ecstasy
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: Alternative spelling of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug: Any anti-inflammatory drug, such as ibuprofen, that does not contain steroids
orphan drug: A drug as defined under the Orphan Drug Act (1983)
orphan drug: A medicinal drug which is effective in the treatment of some disease(s), but which is not manufactured or marketed because the demand is insufficient to cover the costs of supply
Tragically, her disease is so rare that the only effective medicine is an orphan drug.
over-the-counter drug: A medicine that may be sold without a prescription
prescription drug: A licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained
recreational drug: A psychoactive drug taken deliberately for the effect it has on the mind rather than for its medicinal effects
small molecule drug: A medicinal drug compound having a molecular weight of less than 1000 daltons, and typically between 300 and 700 daltons
street drug: A drug taken for recreational or non-medical reasons, usually for an exhilarating feeling or mind-altering effects. In most cases, street drugs are illegal. Examples of street drugs include marijuana, cocaine, heroin, MDMA, LSD, PCP and methamphetamine
sulfa drug: Antibiotic drugs related to sulphonamide in chemical structure, tending to be bacteriostatic rather than bacteriocidal
a drug in the market: Something which is no longer in demand and so is commercially valueless or unsaleable
a drug on the market: Something which is no longer in demand and so is commercially valueless or unsaleable
cytotoxic drug safety cabinet: (Mantarbilim) Cabinets produced as the primary barrier against exposure to aerosols that are produced in the preparation, manipulation and dispensing of cytotoxic drugs
drugged: {a} having drugs, made offensive
Me-too drug: A drug that is structurally very similar to already known drugs, with only minor differences. The term "me-too" carries a negative connotation. However, me-too products may create competition and drive prices down
A me-too drug is a compound that is structurally very similar to already known drugs, with only minor pharmacological differences.
adverse drug reaction: An adverse drug reaction (abbreviated ADR) is an expression that describes harm associated with the use of given medications at a normal dose. The meaning of this expression differs from the meaning of "side effect", as this last expression might also imply that the effects can be beneficial. The study of ADRs is the concern of the field known as pharmacovigilance
blockbuster drug: A blockbuster drug is a drug generating more than $1 billion of revenue for its owner each year. The search for blockbusters has been the foundation of the R&D strategy adopted by big pharmaceutical companies, but this looks set to change. New advances in genomics, and the promise of personalized medicine, are likely to fragment the pharmaceutical market
ethical drug: A drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist; "he told the doctor that he had been taking his prescription regularly"(synonym) prescription drug, prescription, prescription medicine
generic drug: A generic drug is bioequivalent to a drug that has a brand name, also called an innovator drug. It will have a different name and will look different from its innovator counterpart, but the active ingredients will be the same
innovator drug: A generic drug is bioequivalent to a drug that has a brand name, also called an innovator drug. It will have a different name and will look different from its innovator counterpart, but the active ingredients will be the same
over-the-counter drug: A drug that is sold without a prescription. (synonym) over-the-counter medicine
prescription drug: A drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist; "he told the doctor that he had been taking his prescription regularly"(synonym) prescription, prescription medicine, ethical drug
recreational drug use: Recreational drug use is the use of a drug, usually psychoactive, with the intention of creating or enhancing recreational experience. Such use is controversial, however, often being considered to be also drug abuse, and it is often illegal. Also, it may overlap with other uses, such as medicinal (including self medication), performance enhancement, and entheogenic (spiritual)
Drugged: doped
Drugs: dope
Drugs: bounce
antipsychotic drug: Any of a group of drugs, such as the phenothiazines or butyrophenones, that are used to treat psychosis. Also called major tranquilizer, neuroleptic
antiretroviral drug: {i} drug that suppresses or inhibits the activity of a retrovirus; medication used to treat infection caused by retroviruses (such as HIV)
became a drug addict: came to be dependent on drugs, became hooked on drugs, became addicted to drugs
brand-name drug: a drug that has a trade name and is protected by a patent (can be produced and sold only by the company holding the patent)
designer drug: A drug with properties and effects similar to a known hallucinogen or narcotic but having a slightly altered chemical structure, especially such a drug created in order to evade restrictions against illegal substances. an illegal drug that has an exciting or relaxing effect, and is taken for pleasure. Synthetic version of a controlled narcotic substance. Designer drugs usually are synthesized for the first time in an attempt to create a chemical whose molecular structure differs only slightly from that of some well-known controlled substance but whose effects are essentially the same. Because of the difference in molecular structure, the designer drug, unlike the controlled substance, ordinarily will not be specifically listed as illicit by law-enforcement organizations. Many designer drugs are manufactured in clandestine laboratories, often by amateurs; for this reason they are sometimes more dangerous than the drugs they are intended to replace. One of the best-known is MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), a variation of methamphetamine, popularly called Ecstasy. Nonnarcotic synthetic chemical compounds designed to interact with specific proteins and enzymes in order to combat disease also have been called designer drugs
designer drug: a psychoactive drug deliberately synthesized to avoid anti-drug laws; mimics the effects of a banned drug; law was revised in 1986 to ban designer drugs
drugged: {s} narcotized, doped, under the influence of narcotics; (Computer slang) very slow as compared to normal performance (of hardware)
drugged: past of drug
drugged: under the influence of narcotics; "knocked out by doped wine"; "a drugged sleep"; "were under the effect of the drugged sweets"; "in a narcotized state; stuperous"
druggie: disapproval If you refer to someone as a druggie you mean they are involved with or addicted to illegal drugs. someone who often takes illegal drugs
druggie: {i} drug addict
drugging: present participle of drug
drugging: the administration of a sedative agent or drug
druggy: A drug addict or abuser
druggy: {s} of or pertaining to drugs; of or pertaining to drug users or drug addicts; caused by drugs
druggy: {i} person who uses unlawful drugs, user of illegal drugs; drug addict
drugs: plural of drug
drugs: A "no tolerance" policy against the use of non-prescribed drugs is maintained on all yachts
drugs: Commonly used drugs include marijuana, alcohol, cocaine, crack, heroin, speed, tranquilizers, sleeping pills, LSD, XTC, inhalants, amphetamines, GHB, and prescription medication
drugs: Drugs include both prescription and nonprescription pharmaceuticals; biologically-derived products such as vaccines, serums, and blood derived products; tissues and organs; disinfectants; and radiopharmaceuticals Drugs are natural products or synthetic chemicals that can alter the way the body works, or which are used to prevent or treat disease
drugs: includes nonprescription drugs and vitamins and prescription drugs
drugs: third-person singular of drug
drugs: most prescription drugs are covered by the plan
drugs: 1 in positive sense; used to balance or connect disharmony with the body 2 escape from dealing with life 3 searching for answers outside instead of inside
drugs: In the United States, medicinal products used for the treatment of diseases
drugs: substance
experimental drug: new form of medication still in the testing stage
food and drug administration: a federal agency in the Department of Health and Human Services established to regulate the release of new foods and health-related products
hard drug: a narcotic that is considered relatively strong
over-the-counter drug: a drug that is sold without a prescription
psychedelic drug: hallucinogen: a psychoactive drug that induces hallucinations or altered sensory experiences
psychoactive drug: a drug that can produce mood changes and distorted perceptions
recreational drug: Recreational drugs are drugs that people take occasionally for enjoyment, especially when they are spending time socially with other people. Society largely turns a blind eye to recreational drug use. recreational drugs, such as marijuana or cocaine
soft drug: A drug that is believed to be nonaddictive and less damaging to the health than a hard drug. an illegal drug such marijuana that is not considered to be very harmful hard drug
soft drug: a drug of abuse that is considered relatively mild
sulfa drug: any of a group of synthetic organic compounds which inhibit bacterial growth
sulfa drug: Any of a group of synthetic organic compounds, derived chiefly from sulfanilamide, chemically similar to PABA and capable of inhibiting bacterial growth and activity by interfering with the metabolic processes in bacteria that require PABA. Also called sulfonamide. Common term for sulfonamide drug, any member of a class of synthetic antibacterial drugs with a particular chemical structure including both sulfur and nitrogen atoms. Their effectiveness against bacteria was discovered in 1932 by Gerhard Domagk, and they became the first chemical substances systematically used against human bacterial infections. Sulfa drugs inhibit the growth and multiplication of certain bacteria (but do not kill them) by interfering with the synthesis of folic acid. Because of their toxicity and growing bacterial resistance, sulfa drugs are no longer in common use (except for urinary-tract infections, certain forms of malaria, and preventing infection of burns), having been largely superseded by less toxic antibiotics
sulfa drug: antibacterial consisting of any of several synthetic organic compounds capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria that require PABA
the drug problem: problem with narcotics, concern regarding drugs
truth drug: {i} intravenous anesthetic drug that is believed to be able to cause a person to answer questions truthfully
truth drug: 'truth .serum a drug that is supposed to make people tell the truth

drug

التركية النطق

drʌg

المترادفات

biologic, cure, depressant, dope, essence, medicament, medicinal, medicine, narcotic, opiate, pharmaceutic, pharmaceutical, physic, pill, poison

النطق

/ˈdrəg/ /ˈdrʌɡ/

علم أصول الكلمات

[ 'dr&g ] (noun.) 14th century. From Middle English drogge (“medicine”), from Middle French drogue (“cure, pharmaceutical product”), from Old French drogue, drocque (“tincture, pharmaceutical product”), of Germanic origin, from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German droge, as in droge vate (“dry vats, dry barrels”), mistaking droge for the contents, which were wontedly dried herbs, plants or wares. Droge comes from Middle Dutch drōghe (“dry”), from Old Saxon drōgi (“dry”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiaz (“dry”). Cognate with English dry, German trocken (“dry”). See also droog.